50 pages • 1 hour read
Summary
Background
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Character Analysis
Themes
Symbols & Motifs
Important Quotes
Essay Topics
Tools
The novel now focuses on Elsa Dressler, who still lives in Freiburg and now works at a public kitchen, distributing soup to the German people who are beginning to starve due to food shortages. The German people are growing increasingly angry and tired of the war, and they are calling for a new government. Some of them blame Major Dressler, Elsa’s father, for his role in the war, and shun Elsa and her mother. Major Dressler warns Elsa that Germany may become even more dangerous to them if the Kaiser falls, and tells her he is returning to Lille to release Juliette’s father and the other city leaders.
While returning from the market, Elsa spots Captain Garinov in town. She follows him, believing that he still intends to get revenge on her father, but he turns around and confronts her. Elsa suddenly remembers their meeting four years earlier when she helped Felix escape Lemberg, and realizes she is the reason why Captain Garinov has been wearing an eye patch ever since. Elsa runs home and tells her mother that they are in danger, and her mother sends a letter to her husband.
Two months later, Elsa receives a letter from Felix and another from her father. Felix, who is now serving in the army, will be coming to Germany to receive a medal and tells her that he will try to see her. Major Dressler has given orders to protect his family but warns that Germany’s situation is becoming dire. Later, Elsa’s mother lies down as she starts feeling ill. Elsa decides to harvest some vegetables from their garden, which they have been tending to, in order to survive the winter, but finds all their food has been stolen.
Elsa’s mother is sick with the Spanish flu, a new illness that is spreading through Germany. When she gets better, she and Elsa try to sell their valuables to get food, but the shopkeepers refuse to serve them due to their association with Major Dressler. One night, Elsa stops some rioters from looting a Jewish market and, in exchange, the store owner shares some food with her.
When a new letter from Major Dressler announces that Germany is about to lose the war, Elsa and her mother begin preparations to go live with Felix’s family. While her mother is away making arrangements, Elsa’s homing pigeon returns with a note from her father. He has been injured on his way back home and needs to be rescued in Belleray, a French town near the border. At the same time, an angry crowd gathers in front of their home, demanding to speak to Major Dressler. Elsa tries to get them to leave, but one woman rips out her coat pocket, where she had put her father’s note. Captain Garinov then arrives, grabs the note, and sets off to Belleray to find Major Dressler. After he leaves, Felix appears on a motorbike. Elsa climbs on behind him and they go after Captain Garinov.
Elsa and Felix ride through war-torn landscapes to Belleray, the small town near Verdun where Dimitri lives. Elsa directs Felix to knock on doors to find her Russian friend so he can help them get to her father. She begins to lose hope until Dimitri finally emerges from a building.
Dimitri is awoken by Felix and recognizes Elsa beside him. They convince him to come help Major Dressler, so Dimitri guides them to the main road. They soon find the gravely injured Major, and Dimitri leaves to go ask Juliette for medical help.
Juliette has just been reunited with her father, who was brought home by Major Dressler. She gets on Dimitri’s motorcycle and her father follows them with a wagon. When Juliette and Dimitri arrive to where the others are waiting, Captain Garinov shows up as well. Felix, Elsa, Dimitri, and Juliette are ready to fight him, but the Russian officer offers his help instead. He apologizes to each of them for the way he previously treated them, explaining he had a change of heart after Major Dressler asked his soldiers to show him respect when he escaped. He gives them his horse. Before leaving, Dimitri offers him Igor’s red star as a gesture of friendship.
Juliette’s father takes Major Dressler to Kara’s ambulance train, which is stationed nearby. Kara immediately gets to work after she recognizes Felix as Sergeant Baum’s son.
Major Dressler explains that he was ambushed by fellow German soldiers who were angry about him releasing French prisoners. Kara, who has now been made a Red Cross nurse, announces they have just received news that the war is officially over. The five young people rejoice, feeling uncertain but hopeful about the future.
Felix gives Dimitri money for helping him save Major Dressler, telling him to use it to pay for his family’s freedom. The five young people then gather around Major Dressler, who thanks them for saving his life. He asks about Sergeant Baum’s Golden Cross of Merit, and the five recount how they passed it to one another. Major Dressler explains how the medal symbolizes their collective courage in the face of adversity and danger, and Elsa concludes that it is “a most beautiful way to end” their story (327).
The final section of the novel focuses on Elsa, and is followed by five additional chapters that conclude the story through each protagonist’s perspective during the climactic rescue of Major Dressler. Elsa’s situation has changed dramatically throughout the narrative, and her character arc seems to mirror Germany’s position in the war. This plays into the theme of The Intersection of Collective and Personal History by reinforcing that the story of the five protagonists can be interpreted as an allegory for the war itself.
At the beginning of the book, Elsa is a naïve, enthusiastic young girl who believes in her country’s strength and superiority unconditionally. However, by the time she meets Dimitri, the reality of war has impacted her directly. She begins to change her mind, although she still believes that “Germany will not fall. [German] soldiers sing from the trenches before going into battle” (260). In the section focusing on her life in Freiburg, Elsa’s mindset has shifted further:
She thought back to the houses of cards she had built for Felix so many years ago. Then to a few months ago when that Russian boy—Dimitri—had used the same image to predict Germany’s collapse. The winds had turned against Germany now. All that remained was to wonder how long until the last card fell (281).
Elsa’s changing view of the war is highlighted by the recurring symbol of a House of Cards throughout the novel.
Although she faces difficulties due to poverty, starvation, ostracism, and her mother’s illness, Elsa demonstrates compassion and high moral standards. Her story also demonstrates the theme of Finding One’s Courage, as she gains maturity through the adversity that contrasts with her previous innocence. Her father’s changing mindset over the course of the story further enforces this courageous change in beliefs, as he explains:
When this war began, all I could see was glory and victory for the German Empire. Now, I see the price that millions of innocent people have paid for those foolish ambitions. The Allies have committed their crimes too, but what does it matter? The point is that I cannot be part of it anymore. Elsa, I love Germany, I always will. But I must return to Lille and make some things right again (278).
Felix’s arrival also concludes his personal quest for redemption, as he is in Germany to receive a medal for saving a general. This mirrors his earlier refusal to accept his father’s medal, and his belief that he was unable to save the Archduke’s life. Elsa’s comment on Felix’s achievement reinforces the idea that Finding One’s Courage takes time and effort: “You just needed time to grow into your courage” (303).
The novel’s climax occurs when all five protagonists finally join while saving Major Dressler’s life. This event symbolically ties all the major narrative themes together to reinforce the importance of compassion and cooperation. In addition, Captain Garinov’s change of heart further illustrates the power of Anger Versus Empathy in Times of Conflict, which is cemented by Dimitri offering him Igor’s Red Star as a gesture of friendship. Finally, the end of the war is officially declared and the Golden Cross of Merit concludes its symbolic journey, prompting Major Dressler to drive home the novel’s central message: “At some point, each of you found yourself in a terrible situation, and you responded with courage, with honor, and with kindness” (327).
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By Jennifer A. Nielsen